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@#ObjectiveTo establish models of Dengue virus type Ⅲ（DENV-3,DV-3）infection and antibody dependent enhancement(ADE)infection at the acute monocytic leukemia cells(THP-1),investigate the differential expression of long non-coding RNAs(LncRNAs),map the competitive endogenous RNA(CeRNA)regulatory network and predict the translation function of LncRNAs.MethodsThe culture supernatant was harvested 6 d after C6/36 cells were infected with DENV-3,the virus titer was determined by CCID50,and the type and full-length genome amplification were identified by PCR;The DENV-3 standard plasmid was amplified,identified by PCR,and the standard curve was drawn;THP-1 cells were divided into negative control group(THP-1),direct infection group(DV-3),ADE group and blank control group[1640(-)]. After 48 h of infection,the total RNA was extracted and the copy number of intracellular virus nucleic acid was measured;Through the whole transcriptome sequencing technology,the CeRNA regulatory network was constructed for the top five up-regulated and down-regulated LncRNAs in THP-1 vs DENV3,THP-1 vs ADE,DENV3 vs ADE groups,and the functions of their coding proteins were analyzed.ResultsC6/36 cells infected with DENV-3 for 3 d showed obvious cell fusion,vacuoles and abscission;The virus had a titer of about 1. 0 × 104. 64PFU/mL and was identified as DENV-3 by PCR specific primers,of which the complete gene sequence was obtained;The number of viral nucleic acid copies in ADE group was significantly higher than those in DV-3 group and blank control group;In THP-1 vs DENV-3,the expression of cytohesin interacting protein(CYTIP)was predicted to be up-regulated;In THP-1 vs ADE,the expression of kinesin family5A(KIF5A)was predicted to be down-regulated;In DENV-3 vs ADE,the expression of cluster differentiation antigen 9(CD9)and insulin like growth factor 2(IGF2)was predicted to be up-regulated. All of these differential LncRNAs had open reading frames(ORFs). Except Lnc-SH3BP1 and Lnc-RPL41,all of the other LncRNAs had internal ribosome binding site(IRES).ConclusionIn DENV-3 infection of THP-1 cells and ADE infection mediated by DENV-3,the expression of LncRNAs has changed significantly,and may regulate the process of infection through a variety of biological functions,which is helpful for a deeper understanding of the mechanism of ADE infection.
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Objective: To evaluate the expression of DNA plasmid-harboring modified antibody gene that produces neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies against four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) without enhancing activity in BALB/c mice. Methods: We constructed pFUSE-based vectors (pFUSE-1G7C2-hVH and pFUSE-1G7C2-hVL) containing genes encoding the variable domains of the heavy or light chain of the anti-dengue virus antibody 1G7C2, a human IgG1 that has been characterized for its neutralizing activity to DENV-1-4. Leucine (L) at positions 234 and 235 on the Fc CH2 domain in pFUSE-1G7C2-hVH was mutated to alanine (A) (LALA mutation) by site direct mutagenesis, and the new plasmid was termed pFUSE-1G7C2-hVH-LALA. An equal amount of pFUSE-1G7C2-hVL and 1G7C2hG1-LALA plasmids were co-Transfected into Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1) and a single dose of 100 μg 1G7C2-hG1-LALA plasmid was intramuscularly injected, followed by electroporation in BALB/c mice. The secreted 1G7C2-hG1-LALA antibodies in cell culture supernatant and mouse serum were examined for their biological functions, neutralization and enhancing activity. Results: The co-Transfection of heavy-And light-chain 1G7C2-hG1-LALA plasmids in CHO-K1 cells produced approximately 3 900 ng/mL human IgG and neutralized 90%-100% all four DENV, with no enhancing activity. Furthermore, the modified human IgG was produced more than 1 000 ng/mL in mouse serum on day 7 post plasmid injection and showed cross-neutralization to four DENV serotypes. Subsequently, antibody production and neutralization decreased rapidly. Nevertheless, the secreted neutralizing 1G7C2-hG1-LALA in mouse serum demonstrated complete absence of enhancing activities to all DENV serotypes. Conclusions: These findings reveal that a new modified 1G7C2-hG1-LALA expressing plasmid based on gene transfer is a possible therapeutic antibody candidate against DENV infection.
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As a tumor suppressor, p53 preserves genomic integrity in eukaryotes. However, limited evidence is availablefor the p53 shuttling between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Previous studies have shown that b-actin polymerization negatively regulates p53 nuclear import through its interaction with p53. In this study, we found thatDNA damage induces both b-actin and p53 accumulation in the nucleus. b-actin knockdown impaired thenuclear transport of p53. Additionally, b-actin could interact with p53 which was enhanced in response togenotoxic stress. Furthermore, N terminal deletion mutants of p53 shows reduced levels of association with bactin. We further identified Ser15, Thr18 and Ser20 of p53 are critical to the b-actin: p53 interaction, whichupon mutation into alanine abrogates the binding. Taken together, this study reveals that b-actin regulates thenuclear import of p53 through protein–protein interaction.
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El 81,3% de una encuesta realizada a 96 ortodoncistas y ortopedistas calificados y técnicos radiólogos consultados informan que ubican la cabeza del paciente en una posición ideal, subjetiva del profesional instruido que lo asiste, ya que muchas de sus fotografías y telerradiografías no son posiciones naturales de la cabeza genuinas. Se ha utilizado la vertical verdadera como parámetro para mediciones, todas angulares, para definir la disposición ánteroposterior del punto A´ (de construcción) para el cuerpo del labio superior, el punto Pg´para el mentón, el Labrale superior y el Labrale inferior para el bermellón de cada labio, con la finalidad de planificar correcciones ortopédicas, ortodóncicas u ortodóncicas-quirúrgicas de acuerdo a la anomalía detectada (AU)
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Humans , Male , Female , Posture/physiology , Cephalometry/methods , Head , Orthopedics/methods , Reference Values , Anthropometry/methods , Health Surveys , Chin/anatomy & histology , Photography, Dental , Lip/anatomy & histology , Malocclusion/therapy , Malocclusion/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE： To analyze the regularity and characteristics of ADE induced by Tanreqing injection， and to lay the foundation for ADE mechanism study. METHODS： Using “Tanreqing injection” and “ADE” as keywords， the literatures about ADE induced by Tanreqing injection were retrieved from CJFD， VIP， CBM and Wanfang database during Jan. 1st， 2014 to Oct. 30th， 2018. Patient’s gender， age， drug allergy history， primary diseases， drug dosage， solvent， organs or systems involved， main clinical manifestation of ADE， occurrence time， drug combination were all analyzed statistically. RESULTS： A total of 126 literatures were included， involving 1 577 patients. There were 906 male （57.45％） and 671 female （42.55％）； the age ranged from 6 months to 98 years old， of which 625 cases （39.63％） were aged from 0 to 10 years. Among 1 577 patients， primary diseases of 537 patients were recorded and mainly were bronchitis and pneumonia （323 cases， 60.15％）. Drug dosages of 687 patients were recorded， among which there were 612 cases of normal dose （89.08％）， 75 cases of off-label dose （10.92％）. 779 cases of solvent （mainly containing 5％ Glucose injection or 0.9％ Sodium chloride injection， 715 cases， 91.78％）. 1 960 case times of ADE were recorded， mainly including lesion of skin and its appendents （930 case times， 47.45％）， followed by systemic response （231 case times， 11.79％）， digestive system （221 case times， 11.28％） and cardiovascular system （220 case times， 11.22％）. Occurrence time of ADE was recorded in 1 172 cases， mainly 10-30 min after medication （434 cases）. Detailed drug use was recorded in 1 356 patients， among which there were 521 cases of drug combination， mainly containing antibiotics， followed by TCM injection for clearing away heat and toxic material and antiviral drugs， etc. CONCLUSIONS： Attention should be paid to ADE induced by Tanreqing injection. On the one hand， ADE monitoring should be strengthened to summarize， analyze and evaluate ADE； on the other hand， attention should be paied when patients have above situations， so as to promote rational and effective clinical measures and to ensure drug safety of patients.
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BACKGROUND Dengue virus (DENV) has circulated in Brazil for over 30 years. During this time, one serotype has cyclically replaced the other, until recently, when all four distinct serotypes began to circulate together. Persistent circulation of DENV for long time periods makes sequential infections throughout a person's life possible. After primary DENV infection, life-long immunity is developed for the infecting serotype. Since DENV and Zika virus (ZIKV) are antigenically similar, the possibility of cross-reactions has attracted attention and has been demonstrated in vitro. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether immune-sera from DENV and ZIKV infected patients would cross-react in vitro with other Flaviviridae family members. METHODS Cross-reaction of the studied samples with yellow fever virus (YFV), West Nile virus (WNV), Rocio virus (ROCV), Saint Louis virus (SLEV) and Ilheus virus (ILHV) has been investigated by plaque reduction neutralisation test (PRNT) and the antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) by flow-cytometry. FINDINGS Antibodies against ZIKV and DENV virus cross-reacted with other flaviviruses either neutralising or enhancing the infection. Thus, viral entrance into FcRFcɣRII-expressing cells were influenced by the cross-reactive antibodies. ZIKV or DENV immune sera enhanced cellular infection by WNV, ILHV, ROCV and SLEV. Finally, DENV immune sera presented higher neutralising activity for YFV and SLEV. While ZIKV immune sera neutralised WNV, ILHV and ROCV with high frequencies of positivity. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The co-circulation of those viruses in the same area represents a risk for the development of severe infections if they spread throughout the country. Successive flavivirus infections may have an impact on disease pathogenesis, as well as on the development of safe vaccine strategies.
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Animals , Zika Virus Infection/diagnosis , Zika Virus Infection/prevention & control , Flavivirus , Zika Virus , CulicidaeABSTRACT
Aim To prepare hyaluronic acid nanoparti-cles(Ade/GA-HA) using glycyrrhetinic acid modified hyaluronic acid as the carrier and adenine as a model drug, and analyze their physicochemical property and proliferation effect on Bel-7402 cells. Methods Gly-cyrrhetinic acid and hyaluronic acid were combined by chemical cross-linking method, dialysis and freeze-dr-ying,based on which Ade/GA-HA was prepared using ultrasonic method, and the particle size and Zeta po-tential were determined by Malvern laser particle analy-zer,and the morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and the absorbance was deter-mined by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, high performance liquid chromatograph and microplate read-er to caculate drug load, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release. MTT assays were utilized to determine the proliferation of nanoparticles treated Bel-7402 cells. Results GA-HA nanoparticles had spherical shape with a good dispersion, at diameters of 398.1 nm, of which Zeta potential was - 34.2 mV, and presented good short term stability. The drug load and encapsulation efficiency of Ade/GA-HA nanoparticles were (22.5 ± 5.8)% and (87.27 ± 0.33) %, re-spectively. Burst release was observed in Ade/GA-HA nanoparticles within 4 h, while controlled release 4 h later. Compared with free adenine,Ade/GA-HA nano-particles had a stronger inhibitory effect on cell prolif-eration with statistically significant difference. Conclu-sion GA-HA nanoparticles has excellent physico-chemical properties and meet the design requirement.
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Objective To detect the distribution of resistance-nodulation (RND)efflux pump system of Acineto-bacter baumannii (AB),and explore the relationship between its’expression and antimicrobial resistance.Methods Fifty-nine strains of multidrug-resistant AB isolated from clinical specimens in The First Affiliated Hospital of Nan-chang University were identified and performed antimicrobial susceptibility analysis,distribution of RND efflux sys-tem of AB was detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR),expression of efflux pump genes in different drug-re-sistant phenotypes of AB was compared,relationship between the expression level and drug resistance was analyzed, amplified products of RND efflux system were sequenced.Results Resistance rates of AB to ampicillin/sulbactam, imipenem,gentamicin,ciprofloxacin,and levofloxacin were 93.2%,94.9%,88.1%,96.6%,and 52.5% respec-tively.PCR detection results of efflux pump and integron genes of 59 AB strains revealed that the carrying rates of adeR,adeS,adeB,adeJ,and adeG genes were 81.4%,91.5%,93.2%,100.0%,and 61.0% respectively.The expression of efflux pump genes in different strains was different,expression levels of ade B and adeJ genes among gentamicin,imipenem,ampicillin/sulbactam resistant AB group and non-resistant AB group were significantly dif- ferent (all P＜0.05).There was no mutation or insertion sequence in the base sequences of regulatory genes ade R and ade S of adeABC efflux pump.Conclusion RND efflux pump system is universally present in AB,the expres-sion upregulation of ade B and ade J genes in RND efflux pump system is related with antimicrobial resistance of bacteria to gentamycin,imipenem,and ampicillin-sulbactam.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided combined blockade of bra-chial plexus and paravertebral block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing internal fixation of scapular fracture.Methods Sixty patients,48 males and 12 females,ASA physical Ⅰ or Ⅱ,who were scheduled to undergo internal fixation of scapular fracture were enrolled in the study,and ran-domized into two groups:group B (combined blockade of brachial plexus and paravertebral block) and group C (regular control).Patients in B group received combined blockade of brachial plexus nerve block (interscalene or supraclavicular blocks)and paravertebral block (in C7-T1 ,T2-T3 and T4-T5 levels),and underwent the procedure with general anesthesia 30 min later.Surgery for patients in group C were performed under general anesthesia without a previous nerve block.Following data were collected:consumption of sufentanil during surgery;agitation and length of stay in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU);complaint of pain and the need for supplemental analgesia in PACU;anesthesia-related complications such as nausea,vomiting,depression of respiration and retention.Results The mean total consumption of sufentanil was significantly increased in group C [(43.2 ± 7.1 )μg vs (12.3±5.2)μg,P <0.05];the length of stay,ratio of complaint of pain and need for supplemental analgesia in PACU were increased in group C (P <0.05).There was no statistical difference in post-operative complications.Conclusion We demonstrated that ultrasound-guided combined blockade of brachial plexus and paravertebral block provided feasible and reliable analgesia for patients underwent internal fixation of scapular fracture.
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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the intervention effects of standardized pharmaceutical care on clinical treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)patients. METHODS:A total of 127 AECOPD patients were col-lected from respiratory medicine department of our hospital during Sept. 2014-Mar. 2015,and then divided into control group(63 cases)and observation group(64 cases)according to random number table. Control group only received traditional medical service and drug therapy. Observation group was additionally given standardized pharmaceutical care provided by clinical pharmacists ac-cording to AECOPD clinical pharmacy pathway on the basis of control group. The patients were followed up 1 month after dis-charge. The use of antibiotics during hospitalization,medication adherence,the occurrence of ADE,patient satisfaction and medica-tion bias during hospitalization and after discharge,the rates of ADR awareness and return visit after discharge were compared be-tween 2 groups. RESULTS:In both groups,1 patient withdrew from the study during hospitalitation;33 patients didn't complete return visit after discharge. During hospitalization,the rate of medication adherence and the total satisfaction of traditional medical procedures and medication guidance in observation group were significantly higher than control group;the utilization ratio of antibi-otics and combined use of antibiotics,AUD,the incidence of ADE,the proportion of medication bias were significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance(P0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The standardized pharmaceutical care can significantly improve medication compliance and satisfaction of inpatients,contribute to ratio-nal use of antibiotics,reduce the incidence of ADE and medication bias,but have no significant effect on medication compliance, the rate of return visit and medication bias of discharged patients.
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OBJECTIVE:To excavate and evaluate the security alert signals of linezolid after marketing,and to provide refer-ence for rational drug use in clinic. METHODS:The reporting odds ratio(ROR)method was used to excavate the security alert signals from the adverse drug events(ADE)data in the OpenFDA platform of FDA during second quarter of 2004-2016. The low-er limit of 95%CI >1 was regarded as suggestive of ADE alert signal. RESULTS:A total of 6828534 reports were extracted, among which there were 7224 reports mainly induced by linezolid. Top 10 ADE reports were thrombocytopenia,drug interac-tion,thrombocytopenia,nausea,anaemia,serotonin syndrome,diarrhoea,pyrexia,drug ineffective,vomiting. After the detec-tion of top 200 ADE reports by ROR method,120 signals related to 18 system organ class(SOC)were identified. Top 5 ADE sig-nals in turn by SOC were medical examination,nervous system disorders,blood and lymphatic system disorders,metabolism and nutrition disorders,cardiac disorders. The high risk signals with clinical reference value included 42 cases of optic neuropathy (ROR=56.33),350 cases of serotonin syndrome(ROR=52.86),162 cases of lactic acidosis(ROR=18.30),31 cases of endo-carditis (ROR=15.38),566 cases of thrombocytopenia (ROR=14.29),122 cases of bone marrow failure (ROR=14.20),261 cases of panhematopenia (ROR=11.92),86 cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation (ROR=10.91),58 cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis(ROR=9.06),etc. As for ADE reports,male was slightly higher than female,and the patients in age group of ≥45 reported evidently more compared to younger age group. CONCLUSIONS:By detecting and evaluating alert signals of li-nezolid through OpenFDA platform,we could effectively lay the foundation for further research of pharmacovigilance.
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OBJECTIVE:To explore the general rules and characteristics of ADR/ADE induced by Monosialotetrahexosylgan-glioside sodium injection(GM1)as well as related risk factors,and to provide reference for safe,effective and economical drug use in clinic. METHODS:By hospital LAN,non-interventional centralized monitoring was conducted among patients receiving GM1 in our hospital from Jan.-Jun. 2016.The patients'information,drug use,ADR/ADE and clinical outcomes were analyzed sta-tistically. RESULTS:A total of 621 patients were involved,including 393 male patients and 228 female patients with male-to-fe-male ratio of 1.72:1.The patients who were more than 61 years old were the majority(60.39%).GM1 was mainly used in neurolo-gy department(71.18%),emergency department(6.28%),neurosurgery department(6.12%),general practice department(4.67%)and TCM rehabilitation department(4.03%). Among them,there were 28 ADR/ADE cases,with incidence of 4.51%. Among 42 patients with off-indication,3 cases had ADR/ADE,with incidence of 7.14%. Meanwhile,the constituent ratio of ADR/ADE in male(67.86%)was higher than that in female(32.14%). Twenty-two cases received more than three or more drugs(78.57%). Furthermore,ADR/ADE mainly manifested as systemic damage(35.71%),lesion of skin and its appendants (28.57%). Among 579 patients met drug use with indication,there were 165 cured cases,405 recovered cases and 9 uncured cases. In addition,the average expenditure of using GM1 was 5 108.08 yuan,accounting for 9.07% of total hospitalization cost and 23.33% of total drug cost. CONCLUSIONS:It is necessary to strengthen rational drug use and monitoring of GM1,under-stand the regularity and characteristics of GM1-induced ADR/ADE,so as to reduce the incidence of ADR/ADE and ensure safe, effective and economical drug use.
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OBJECTIVE:To explore the general rules and characteristics of ADR/ADE induced by Monosialotetrahexosylgan-glioside sodium injection(GM1)as well as related risk factors,and to provide reference for safe,effective and economical drug use in clinic. METHODS:By hospital LAN,non-interventional centralized monitoring was conducted among patients receiving GM1 in our hospital from Jan.-Jun. 2016.The patients'information,drug use,ADR/ADE and clinical outcomes were analyzed sta-tistically. RESULTS:A total of 621 patients were involved,including 393 male patients and 228 female patients with male-to-fe-male ratio of 1.72:1.The patients who were more than 61 years old were the majority(60.39%).GM1 was mainly used in neurolo-gy department(71.18%),emergency department(6.28%),neurosurgery department(6.12%),general practice department(4.67%)and TCM rehabilitation department(4.03%). Among them,there were 28 ADR/ADE cases,with incidence of 4.51%. Among 42 patients with off-indication,3 cases had ADR/ADE,with incidence of 7.14%. Meanwhile,the constituent ratio of ADR/ADE in male(67.86%)was higher than that in female(32.14%). Twenty-two cases received more than three or more drugs(78.57%). Furthermore,ADR/ADE mainly manifested as systemic damage(35.71%),lesion of skin and its appendants (28.57%). Among 579 patients met drug use with indication,there were 165 cured cases,405 recovered cases and 9 uncured cases. In addition,the average expenditure of using GM1 was 5 108.08 yuan,accounting for 9.07% of total hospitalization cost and 23.33% of total drug cost. CONCLUSIONS:It is necessary to strengthen rational drug use and monitoring of GM1,under-stand the regularity and characteristics of GM1-induced ADR/ADE,so as to reduce the incidence of ADR/ADE and ensure safe, effective and economical drug use.
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OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational drug use in respiratory department. METHODS:ADR/ADE report-ed by respiratory department of a class three grade A hospital during Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2015 from national ADR monitoring system were collected. 2011-2015 ADR/ADE database of respiratory department in a hospital was established and analyzed statistically. RE-SULTS:202 records were gotten,among which 89 cases were male(44.06%)and 113 cases were female(55.94%);the patients’ age approximated normal distribution,the incidence of ADR/ADE was the highest in 61-80 age group (55.94%);the occurrence time of ADR/ADE was mostly lower than 1 h (47.21%);the main route of administration was intravenous drip (71.29%);22 kinds of drugs were involved,and antibiotics took up the lead(43.11%);84 patients(41.58%)used 2 and more kinds of drugs before the occarrence of ADR/ADE;organs/systems involved in ADR/ADE were skin and its appendants (32.86%) and digestive system(26.19%). Most of the ADR/ADE could be cured or recovered after related treatment. CONCLUSIONS:The occurrence of ADR/ADE in respiratory department is related to various factors,of which advanced age,intravenous administration and antibiotics use are important ones. Great importance should be attached to rational clinical drug use as well as ADR/ADE monitoring and re-porting. Clinical also should pay attention to the safety of drug use in elderly patients.
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AIM:To determine the therapeutic efficacy of recombinant adenovirus containing hyper-interleu-kin-6 (HIL-6) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (Ad-HGF-HIL-6) on acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) in rats u-sing that of recombinant adenovirus HIL-6 or HGF ( Ad-HIL-6 or Ad-HGF) for comparison.METHODS:The rat model of ACLF was established and the model rats were randomly divided into model group, Ad0 group, Ad-HGF group, Ad-HIL-6 group and Ad-HGF-HIL-6 group.The sera and liver tissues were collected for biochemical, pathological and molecular bio-logical examinations.RESULTS:Compared with Ad0 group, prothrombin time ( PT) and the serum levels of alanine amin-otransferase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interferon-γ(IFN-γ) and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) were markedly reduced in the ACLF rats treated with Ad-HGF, Ad-HIL-6 and Ad-HGF-HIL-6, and similarly, reduced he-patic damages and apoptotic activity, reduced Bax at protein level, and increased expression of Ki67 and Bcl-2 at protein levels were observed.Among them, treatment with Ad-HGF-HIL-6 showed the most significant therapeutic efficacy without obvious side effects.CONCLUSION:The therapeutic efficacy of Ad-HGF-HIL-6 is more potent than that of Ad-HGF or Ad-HIL-6 alone on ACLF rats with no significant side effects.
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Objective To analyze the related factors of ADR/ADE cases caused by Sanqi Panax notoginseng for injection(lyophilization),in order to provide reference for clinical rational use of Sanqi Panax notoginseng for injection.Methods Adopted the method of retrospective study,this paper statistically analyzed ADR/ADE cases caused by Sanqi Panax notoginseng for injection(lyophilization)in the database of Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center in Qingdao from January 2015 to December 2015.Results There were altogether 123 ADR/ADE cases caused by Sanqi Panax notoginseng for injection(lyophilization)in 2015,with 90 cases in general,12 new cases, 21 severe cases;more female patients than male patients;more middle -aged and old patients;irrational use of the drug accounting for 45.53% of the total number of the report;and there was a higher proportion of irrational drug use in grass -roots medical institutions.Conclusion Irrational drug use is an important factor leading to ADR/ADE cases caused by Sanqi Panax notoginseng for injection(lyophilization),so the injection of Sanqi Panax notoginseng (lyophilization)should be regulated in order to reduce the occurrence of ADR/ADE cases.
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OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for vancomycin-induced neutropenia adverse reactions/adverse events in clinical diagnosis. METHODS:With a case of children with neutropenia treated by long-course and large-dose vancomycin,PubMed and CNKI were retrieved to collect related literature and the literature was analyzed. RESULTS:Neutropenia may be associated with vancomycin,based on causality criterion of adverse reaction in China. CONCLUSIONS:Vancomycin-induced neutropenia in chil-dren is most likely associated with prolonged exposure induced by infusion,vancomycin dosage should be reduced or stopped,and routine blood and plasma concentration should be closely monitored.
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A patient, an adultJapanese traveler who had just returned from Thailand, had developed denguehemorrhagic fever (DHF). A primary infection of dengue virus (DENV) wasconfirmed, in particular, DENV serotype 2 (DENV-2) via the detection of the virusgenome, a significant increase in its specific neutralizing antibody and the isolationof DENV-2. DHF is often observed following a secondary infection from another serotypeof dengue virus, particularly in children, but this case was a primaryinfection of DENV. Japan is a non-endemic country of dengue disease. Instead,only Japanese encephalitis (JE) is known to be an endemic flavivirus family. Inthis study, IgG antibody against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was detected.JEV belongs to the family of dengue virus and prevails in Japan, particularly inKyushu. Among many risk factors for the occurrence of DHF, a plausiblecandidate could be a cross-reactive antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE)mechanism by JEV antibody. This indicates that most Japanese travelers, wholive in non-endemic areas of dengue, particularly in Kyushu, should payattention to the occurrence of DHF.
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An adult Japanese man who had just returned from Thailand developed dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). A primary infection of dengue virus (DENV) was confirmed, specifically DENV serotype 2 (DENV-2), on the basis of the detection of the virus genome, a significant increase in the neutralizing antibody and the isolation of DENV-2. DHF is often observed following a secondary infection from another serotype of dengue virus, particularly in children, but this case was a primary infection of DENV. Japan is a non-endemic country for dengue disease. In fact, only Japanese encephalitis (JE) is known to be a member of the endemic flavivirus family. In this study, IgG antibody against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was detected. JEV belongs to the family of dengue virus and prevails in Japan, particularly Kyushu. Among many risk factors for the occurrence of DHF, a plausible candidate could be a cross-reactive antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) mechanism caused by JEV antibody. This indicates that most Japanese travelers who living in dengue non-endemic areas, particularly Kyushu, should be aware of the occurrence of DHF.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the condition and characteristics of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) of anti-infective agents and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of anti-infective agents related DILI. METHODS:Based on retrospective analysis,a total of 572 DILI reports of anti-infective agents were collected from PLA ADR monitoring center during 2009 to 2013, and then analyzed statistically in terms of patient’s age and gender,main diagonosis,categories of DILI-inducing drugs,type,route of administration,occurrence time,lab indicator,DILI types and clinical manifestations,the application of liver protective drugs,out-comes,etc. RESULTS:Among 572 DILI cases,there were 412 cases(72.03%)of male patients and 160 cases(27.97%)of female patients,and average age of the patients was(44.54±23.75)years old. ADRs were related to 57 kinds of anti-infective agents in 6 cat-egories. Rifampin was the most frequent in suspected drugs,followed by isoniazid,moxifloxacin,fluconazole,azithromycin,cefurox-ime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, levofloxacin, cefoxitin and voriconazole. Intravenous infusion was the main administration route (74.48%). The occurrence time of ADRs was mainly within two weeks (86.19%). Hepatocellular damage (93.33%) was the main type in 360 cases of ADR for evaluation of liver injury types. The majority of cases(82.17%)were cured or improved after drug with-drawal and symptomatic treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Cephalosporin,fluoroquinolones,antituberculosis and antifungal drugs might be the common agents which caused liver injury. Hepatocellular damage is the most frequent type. Most of patients have a favourable prognosis. Clinical medical staffs should strengthen the awareness of DILI caused by anti-infective agents and ehance the prevetion of it.